Home care

How to avoid infections?

• Avoid contact with people with colds or viral problems, otherwise use mask.
• Do not allow pets to remain above the beds.
• Make food with very good hygiene.
• Check expiration dates of food before eating.
• Keep in good toilet in the house.
• Brush your teeth when you wake up, after every meal and at bedtime.
• Keep nails clean, trim them frequently and avoid rusty nail clippers also keep your hair clean.
• Bathe daily to clean the skin of microbes and dust.
• Avoid or protect yourself from exposure to strong drafts.
• Avoid rusty razor blades or in poor condition.
• In places frequented by people such as: (Masses, concerts, promotions etc), position yourself in the airier part.
• Do not eat in public places with poor hygiene.
• Wear comfortable and clean clothes.
• Before vaccination ask your treating physician.

Wash your hands

• After blowing your nose, coughing or sneezing.
• Before preparing food.
• After going to the bathroom.
• After driving garbage.
• Before and after touching a wound.
• After touching an animal or waste.
• Remember the use of glycerine alcohol for hand hygiene, (this does not replace hand washing).

Nononcol breast surgery

Benign breast disease represents the major cause for consulting specialists dedicated to the subject. In patients is a cause of anxiety, as there is always the fear of having breast cancer but in most cases is pathological conditions of the breast tissue that do not increase the risk of developing a malignant tumor.

When a result of the biopsy of a breast lesion involves the need for a surgical procedure under general anesthesia, you should consider the following recommendations:

What types of breast surgery are there?

• Radical surgery: the entire mammary gland is removed with the possibility of immediate or delayed with patient’s own tissues or reconstruction with breast implants.
• Conserving surgery: a part of the mammary gland is removed.

What care should be taken before surgery?

• Discontinue smoking.
• Get the goals control blood pressure and blood sugar.
• Bath body daily with antibacterial soap with special emphasis on folds of the neck, armpits and groin.
• Apply hydrating / moisturizing creams on the skin in the region to operate.
• Suspend a week before the surgical procedure medications such as acetylsalicylic acid, omega-3, dipyridamole, clopidogrel.
• Depilated axillary region or cream machine and remove the nail polish hands and feet one day prior to surgical procedure.
  

What type of anesthesia is administered to the surgical procedure?
In most procedures general anesthesia in which the patient is asleep throughout the procedure without pain sensation it is administered. It is necessary to suspend the intake of solid food 12 hours before surgery.

How long does it stay in the hospital after surgery?
Generally speaking when breast-conserving surgeries are performed, the procedure is ambulatory and the patient does not require hospitalization. At the time the patient recovers from the effects of anesthetics and tolerance is verified oral liquid can be discharged with the company of a guardian.
When radical breast surgeries are performed at least required hospitalization during the first 24 post-operative hours to monitor subsequent developments and to detect potential complications.

In case of hospitalization, which items are required to bring to the hospital?

• Personal documentation and medical history.
• Formulas commonly ingested drugs (drug name, form, dose and time of administration).
• Pyjama with opening forward.
• Personal soap, towel, toothpaste, toothbrush and other personal hygiene supplies strictly necessary.
  

In case of hospitalization, which elements are not required to bring to the hospital?

• Excessive amounts of money.
• technological objects of great commercial value.
• Jewelry and precious objects.

How many chaperones are accepted for the hospital stay?
One companion per patient for hospital stay is allowed. When visiting hours for other companions are: 12 m to 5 pm.

How long after surgery can eat solid foods?
After administration of general anesthesia without any complications postoperative expected at least 6 hours to resume solid food intake. If there is dryness of the oral mucosa, it is recommended to moisten the lips with small amounts of water.
Once past the game can be ingested preferably light foods and gradually progress to a regular diet. Food restrictions are given by the cultural patterns of each social environment.

How to manage local pain after surgery?
Postoperative pain of breast surgery is tolerable and easily manageable with medication and usual painkillers and anti-inflammatories.
It is recommended to drink by fixed schedules prescribed medication by the surgeon header regardless of the level of pain. When drugs are ordered every 8 hours is recommended intake to 6 am -2 pm- 10pm.

What care should be taken with the surgical wound?

• The surgical wound must remain covered and dry for the first 48 hours postoperative.
• If it gets wet before passing this period, changing dressings indicated.
• After the first 48 hours, it can be washed with soap and water and apply dry heat in average (hair dryer). You can re-cover with a clean dressing or left uncovered to suit personal preferences.
• There are times when there is no need for removal of stitches by the type of suture used, the treating surgeon will indicate whether or not required.
• During the first postoperative week is recommended to limit the number of home visits from family and friends who are with possibility of transmitting infections.

What are the warning signs that suggest an inadequate postoperative evolution?
It requires a consultation by the emergency department of the hospital institution if you have assigned one or more of the following symptoms:

• Fever (temperature greater than 38.5 ° C) associated with malaise and chills
• Changes in appearance of the surgical wound redness, warmth, swelling, thick yellow output odor material.
• Pain urinating and increased frequency of incomplete emptying sensation.
• Pain, swelling and sudden reddening of a lower limb.

What physical activities performed during the postoperative period?
In the first week postoperative relative rest is recommended in bed with limited walking into the home and performing activities self-feeding and grooming. The treating surgeon will tell you if indicated the application of preventive medication thrombus vein for 7 days.

When is the time of post-operative review?
Between 7 to 12 days after the surgical procedure, review post operative appointment with the surgeon treating breast is performed.
Depending on the evolution points are removed and the instructions for the progression of physical activities will be given. If it is possible to count on the outcome of the study of surgical pathology, management will be defined to follow. It is important to continue the quarterly or semiannual surveillance with your doctor to determine the best time high for the specialty.

What is cancer?
The body is composed of cells they grow, divide and die normally. Cancer occurs when a cell is damaged or mutates and begins to grow and divide abnormally.

What is chemotherapy?
They are powerful drugs to stop and / or eliminate the growth of cancer cells; It can be supplied by the vein, subcutaneous, intramuscular, oral, intrathecal or intravesical. Healthy cells can be affected by chemotherapy, particularly those that divide rapidly, such as skin.

Care with veins
Because the veins can become irritated and damaged by chemotherapy, consider the following recommendations:

• Report any painful, burning, itchy, swelling at the puncture site, while you are applying or after treatment.
• Beware of sudden movements on the side of the puncture, while the treatment is applied.
• At home, apply warm cloths during the day water with magnesium sulfate or the vacol nights.

Side Effects and care

• Anemia: Characterized by fatigue, dizziness, paleness, shortness of breath.
  – Remember a good balanced and varied diet.

• Low defenses: Characterized by fever, chills, rash.
  – Stay away from people with colds.
  – Maintain good personal hygiene.
  – Keep a thermometer at home, monitor and warn if the highest temperature of 38.3 degrees C °.

• Low platelets: Characterized by skin bruising, bleeding into the skin or bleeding in the feces and / or urine.
  – Be careful with activities that increase bleeding (shave, cut nails, flossing).
  – Wash your teeth with a soft brush.

• Loss of hair:
  – Use hat or scarf and sunscreen.

• Nausea and vomiting: Some chemotherapy agents can cause nausea and vomiting; can decrease appetite and food can be less tasty.
  – Drink clear liquids can help decrease nausea. (Juices, etc.)
  – Eat small portions frequently.
  – You can eat what you like best.
  – Try to eat together and quiet.

• Diarrhea: Diarrhea is considered when increased number of stools per day with liquid consistency.
  – Remember to rehydrate after each bowel movement.
  – Avoid dairy products and vegetables such as cabbage and broccoli. Only if you have diarrhea.
  – Avoid spicy foods.
  – Alert if you have more than 3 loose stools per day.

• Constipation: infrequent stools, with hard stool that requires a great effort to pass
  – Eat fiber rich diet such as mango, papaya, oats.
  – Walk, drink plenty of fluids.
  – Do not force the body when risk to cause bleeding or hemorrhoids.

• Fertility and sexuality:
  – Women of childbearing age should take contraceptive measures during chemotherapy, because it came to getting pregnant, it would be toxic to the fetus.

• Psychological changes: It is normal and understandable that desire to mourn, anger, anxiety, depression.

Final recommendations

• Your doctor knows all medications or supplements will be eating.
• You can continue with your daily activities.
• To start treatment must sign the informed consent.
• The doctor always must see before each cycle of chemotherapy.
• Remember to take tests before starting each cycle of chemotherapy.
• Send two days before each cycle delivers authorizations EPS fax to March 25, 11 20 and confirm by telephone if they arrived.
• The day begins chemotherapy must bring a photocopy of the license, certificate, authorization, guardianship (if any).
• Whenever you enter the institution must advertise in billing.
• It is not allowed in the institution more than 1 passenger per patient, but remember that chemotherapy room just enter the patient.
• While you are being treated not only the entry of odorous drinks (juices), fruit, small breads, jellies, yogurts allowed.
• On the day of treatment application wear comfortable clothes, eat normally and this very quiet.
• Upon entering chemotherapy room will be placed smock and leggings for comfort and cleanliness.
• Whenever terminates the application of treatment, you should come out with a given infirmary where you remember when your next appointment reminder chemotherapy.
• Any concerns call March 26 60 00 ext 112 and / or cell 312 871 65 75 assistance.